Some ASCII Art is Supposed to be White Text on a Black Background

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While looking up some old articles about ASCII art, I came across a very intriguing FAQ from 1994 that didn't make much sense at first glance. This is what it said:

   o  Gray scale pictures - These                  :<!!:
      create the illusion of gray shades     ..:::tNi@Nin!+: :::xr
      by using letters for their light     '!)Q88i@8888NNidbo@Ni8ir
      emitting value (assuming you are    .s:S988TR88RX*###RB8888i:x
      viewing light letters on a dark    x+RRX88888NL#?!< :<?#RR888bX
      background).  Below is an chart   !MN*#M#*BRR#8iXxi@NUX!MN88888:
      showing the light values of     <x@T!M!::(R8H@888888888xX88888#=
      various characters.  To the     x8W8Ui@!~!XMMM9M8RRRRBMMM!T588.
      right is an example of gray      .N8888M<<<~!#MXMHM8N888RMR<9R888N!.
      scale art.  This is an image    XQ888M!<:::sxXU!?MTT222#MM<?M8888~!
      of Einstein I made from a GIF,  988NMMf<!!~`"!Rk:X!"""#*N!:~!T588 !
      using Gifscii for the Mac.      "R(#MF `<      "!!~     ~<9XN#88XX<:
      See ASCII Art Resources          "%/9" x~       :L       XH?R?M888x%
      for more examples.                xi/ ~M:u::~  <88>x<:<uuUF<~*"<?8!~
                                       X38M::#M88R::d<88k9bxH888f4r o<<Ri
      Darker    .'`,^:";~             '!88N!!X6?M&i8#<88Rt88NMR9%!!'8:<?8!
        /\      -_+<>i!lI?              #R?<:~B:M88~ 488H~"88XM8~ ~HRtxH#
       /||\     /\|()1{}[]           +++x8!:<'8!@8!.  ""!:.#8M8# ~<!@!M?::
        ||      rcvunxzjft           -<!#\x~:.?<M~ <<::;;>> ?%8xx!:i:`MHbLX
       \||/     LCJUYXZO0Q            :*:!!:nM.~!~`<<! <`~" d<?98NHRNi!?888eu.
        \/      oahkbdpqwm            ` `xH98MN.      '~~:. ?:x888!888xd88888f
      Lighter   *WMB8&%$#@             :@8R?R?88ex  .xuux98  WM888M88(W888888f
                                     .oX"#MMX!!R88b ~"##**".d8f?RRX8PW8888888f
         Light value scale         .u8888iXMMnWU7T#@s.     @88kX888RN88888888f
         from Jorn Barger.        .@888888NK9*MR88N86Q:.. x8T888R#88888888888f
                                 x8888888888@iX#M@8888888N88888#X@88888888888f
          Gray scale pic        d88888888888kM888NN868RRRRRRR5b@8888888888888f
        from The Scarecrow.    '8888888888888!M888888888888888888888888888888!
FAQ - ASCII Art Questions & Answers, "Date: 16 May 1994 14:01:58 -0500" [http://music.hyperreal.org/artists/b12/gallery/ascii/ascii.faq] (accessed 2024-10-05)

While I was reading this, I skipped the paragraph of explanation and just looked at the light value scale for ASCII art, which is clearly wrong. What it says is "darker" is actually "lighter," and vice-versa! How can that be? This makes no sense!

The reason for this is fairly simple. The artwork was created to be viewed in a terminal, where the whole screen has a black background and the text is white. Nowadays it's still possible to find the text content created in this Usenet era (alt.binaries.pictures.ascii, in this case) in archives on the web. As the Usenet text was plain text, it's typically converted to HTML without adding any sort of formatting or styling. Without styling, the default web browser styles are applied, and by default you will see a webpage with white background and black text.

If you invert the colors, the scale makes sense and you can see the Albert Einstein.

Two images of the same ASCII artwork of Einstein next to a text explanation about ASCII art. In the first, the background is white and the text is black. In the second, the text is white and the background is black. The explanation mentions that some characters are "darker" and others are "lighter" showing them in a scale that only makes sense if the background is black.
An example of an ASCII artwork as black text on white background compared to white text on black background. Observe how it becomes clear the the artwork's colors had been displayed inverted compared to how it was intended to be displayed. Artwork taken from: [http://music.hyperreal.org/artists/b12/gallery/ascii/ascii.faq] (accessed 2024-10-05).

This makes me wonder how many times you see ASCII art was was supposed to be inverted, and if there is even a term for "white" ASCII art and "black" ASCII art. And if those are the terms, would "white" ASCII art be the one with white text or white background?

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